- The particle “了 le ”usually indicates the completion of the action denoted by a verb when it comes after that verb.
E.g.
1. Wǒ zuó tiān kàn le yī bù diàn yǐng. I watched a film yesterday.
2. Zhè běn shū wǒ kàn le sān tiān. I read this book for three days.
- To show that an action has failed to occur, one add“没有méi yǒu”before the verb and omits “了 le”at the same time.
1. tā lái le.----- tā méi lái.
He came. ----- He didn't come.
2. wǒ kàn le diàn yǐng. -----Wǒ méi yǒu kàn diàn yǐng.
I watched a film. I didn't watch a film.
- “了le”--------- Sentence particle “le”
- 1.The particle “了le”sometimes indicate that the situation has changed or to show emergence of a new situation.
E.g.
1. Zhè ge yuè wǒ bù máng le. I am not busy any more this month.(I was busy before)
2. Xiàn zài tā yǒu gōng zuò le. He has a job now.(He didn’t work before)
- Sometimes, “了le”is used to denote that a certain event or situation has already taken place.
E.g.
1. Nì qù nǎ er? Wǒ qù shāng diàn.(Have not yet happened)
Where are you going? I am going to shopping mall.
2. Nì qù nǎ er le? Wǒ qù shāng diàn le. (Have already taken place)
Where did you go? I went to the shopping mall.
- The negative form of the sentence with the modal particle “了”is realized by putting the adverb “没（有）méi (yǒu) ”before the verb while omitting“了le”at the end of the sentence.
E.g.
1. tā qù shāng diàn le ?----- tā méi (yǒu) qù shāng diàn.
Did he go to the shopping mall?-----He didn't go to the shopping mall.
2. wǒ mǎi pǔ tao le.---- wǒ méi (yǒu) mǎi pǔ tao.
I brought some grapes.
----I didn't buy grapes.
